Return-to-Duty: Your Path Back
The only way to clear a CDL violation and get back on the road. A rigid, federally mandated 6-step process that cannot be shortened or skipped.
The "Catch-22" Problem
Here's the structural flaw in the RTD process: You cannot order your own Return-to-Duty test—it must be ordered by an employer. But most major carriers have strict policies against hiring drivers with open Clearinghouse violations.
This creates a market for "second chance" carriers—companies willing to hire drivers with violations, sponsor the RTD test, and oversee the mandatory follow-up testing. The trade-off: often lower pay and less desirable routes.
Learn about second chance carriersThe 6-Step RTD Protocol
This process is outlined in 49 CFR Part 40 Subpart O. Each step must be completed in order.
Immediate Removal
CriticalImmediate
Employer removes you from all safety-sensitive duties. This includes driving, loading, and even waiting to be dispatched.
SAP Selection
HighWithin days
Choose a DOT-qualified Substance Abuse Professional from your employer's list. Cost: $300-$600.
Initial Evaluation
Schedule promptly
Face-to-face or telehealth assessment (1-2 hours). SAP determines severity and prescribes treatment/education plan.
Treatment/Education
Varies (weeks to months)
Complete SAP-prescribed program. Could be 16-hour course or inpatient rehab—you cannot skip or shorten it.
Follow-Up Evaluation
After treatment
Return to SAP after completing treatment. SAP confirms compliance and issues 'Notice of Compliance.'
Return-to-Duty Test
CriticalFinal step
Directly observed drug/alcohol test. Must be NEGATIVE to lift 'Prohibited' status. Employer must order this test.
After RTD: Follow-Up Testing
Clearing the Return-to-Duty test does not end the process. The SAP must establish a follow-up testing plan that follows you for years.
- •Minimum 6 unannounced tests in the first 12 months
- •SAP can extend testing for up to 5 years
- •These are in addition to standard random testing
- •If you change employers, follow-up plan follows you
- •Failure to complete follow-up tests = new violation
Estimated Costs
The driver typically bears these costs, not the employer
| Item | Typical Cost |
|---|---|
| SAP Initial Evaluation | $300 - $400 |
| SAP Follow-Up Evaluation | $150 - $200 |
| Treatment/Education Program | $500 - $5,000+ |
| Return-to-Duty Test | $50 - $100 |
| Follow-Up Tests (6 minimum) | $300 - $600 |
| Total Estimated Cost | $1,500 - $7,000+ |
Treatment costs vary significantly based on SAP recommendations. Inpatient rehab can exceed $10,000.
Timeline Expectations
The total duration depends primarily on what the SAP prescribes. Here's what to expect:
4-6
Weeks (Best Case)
Education-only prescription
8-12
Weeks (Typical)
Outpatient treatment
3-6+
Months (Complex)
Inpatient rehab required
Key Points to Remember
You Cannot Self-Start
The RTD test must be ordered by an employer. You need a company willing to hire you while you're in "Prohibited" status.
SAP Has Final Authority
You cannot negotiate, appeal, or shorten what the SAP prescribes. They determine your treatment plan, and you must complete it exactly.
No Shortcuts Exist
There is no expedited process, no fee you can pay to speed it up, and no state where the rules are different. It's federal law.
Clearinghouse Updates Automatically
Once you complete RTD successfully, your status changes from "Prohibited" to showing RTD completion. This is visible to all potential employers.
Related Guides
Sources & Official Resources
Information on this page is sourced from federal regulations and FMCSA publications.
- 49 CFR Part 40 Subpart O - Return-to-Duty Process
- FMCSA Return-to-Duty Process Guide
- FMCSA Drug & Alcohol Clearinghouse
Last updated: January 8, 2026
Need Help Navigating the RTD Process?
A CDL DUI attorney can help you understand your options, find second-chance carriers, and ensure you complete the process correctly the first time.
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